](https://jimg.jrhz.info/file/
1755497668546_42.jpg "（十五）细胞的增殖-分子与细胞 Cell Proliferation - Molecules and Cells --[高中生物必修一](细胞举例)")
（十五）细胞的增殖-分子与细胞--[高中生物必修一]
(XV) Cell Proliferation - Molecules and Cells [High School Biology Compulsory 1]
李宏 湖北省十堰市郧阳中学
Li Hong Yunyang High School, Shiyan City, Hubei Province
1.在细胞分裂中期染色体数目会加倍。（×）
中期染色体形态稳定、数目清晰，在细胞分裂后期，着丝粒分裂，染色体数目加倍。
Chromosome number doubles during the metaphase of cell division. (×)
During metaphase, chromosome morphology is stable, and the number is clear and easily observable. The chromosome number doubles during anaphase when the centromeres split .
2.观察根尖分生区组织细胞的有丝分裂，用“醋酸洋红液”替代“甲紫溶液”。（√）
醋酸洋红液和甲紫溶液都属于碱性染料，都能使染色体着色。
When observing mitosis in root tip meristematic tissue cells, "acetic carmine solution" can be used to replace "methyl violet solution". (√)
Both acetic carmine solution and methyl violet solution are basic dyes that can stain chromosomes .
3.取解离后的根尖，置于载玻片上，滴加清水并压片。（×）
解离后的根尖，应先进行漂洗，洗去解离液，然后染色，再置于载玻片上，滴加清水并压片。
Place the dissociated root tip on a slide, add a drop of water, and press to make a temporary mount. (×)
After dissociation, the root tip should first be rinsed to wash away the dissociation solution, then stained, before being placed on the slide with a drop of water and pressed to make the mount .
4.细胞在有丝分裂各时期都进行核rDNA🧬的转录。（×）
在细胞有丝分裂分裂期染色质变成染色体，核DNA🧬无法解旋，无法转录。
Cells undergo transcription of nuclear rDNA🧬 during all stages of mitosis. (×)
During the mitotic phase (M phase), chromatin condenses into chromosomes, and nuclear DNA🧬 cannot unwind; therefore, transcription cannot occur .
5.线粒体通过有丝分裂的方式进行繁殖。（×）
有丝分裂为真核细胞的分裂方式。
Mitochondria reproduce through mitosis. (×)
Mitosis is a form of division for eukaryotic cells. Mitochondria, as organelles, do not divide via mitosis .
6.有同学以紫色洋葱为实验材料，进行“观察植物细胞的质壁分离和复原”实验。制作临时装片时，先将撕下的表皮放在载玻片上，再滴一滴清水，盖上盖玻片。（×）
制作临时装片时，先滴一滴清水，再将撕下的表皮放在清水上，盖上盖玻片。
A student uses purple onion as experimental material for the "Observation of Plant Cell Plasmolysis and Recovery" experiment. When making the temporary mount, they first place the torn epidermis on the slide, then add a drop of water, and finally cover with a coverslip. (×)
When making a temporary mount, one should first add a drop of water to the slide, then place the torn epidermis on the water droplet, and finally cover it with the coverslip .
7.有同学以紫色洋葱为实验材料，进行“观察植物细胞的质壁分离和复原”实验。用低倍镜观察刚制成的临时装片，可见细胞多呈长条形，细胞核位于细胞中央。（×）
细胞核通常位于细胞一侧，而不是中央。
A student uses purple onion as experimental material for the "Observation of Plant Cell Plasmolysis and Recovery" experiment. Observing the newly made temporary mount under low power, cells mostly appear elongated, with the nucleus located in the center of the cell. (×)
In onion epidermal cells, the nucleus is typically located to one side of the cell, not in the center .
8.根尖分生区细胞的核膜在分裂间期解体，在分裂末期重建。（×）
根尖分生区细胞的核膜在分裂前期解体，在分裂末期重建。
The nuclear envelope of root tip meristematic cells disassembles during interphase and reassembles during telophase. (×)
The nuclear envelope of root tip meristematic cells disassembles during prophase and reassembles during telophase .
Explorer of Innovative Thinking
Author: Li Hong
Yunyang High School, Shiyan City, Hubei Province
February 13, 2026
